N'afọ ndị 1960, ndị ọrụ sayensị na teknụzụ mepụtara diodes ọkụ na-enye ọkụ na-eji ụkpụrụ nke semiconductor PN junction light-emitting.Igwe ọkụ ahụ mepụtara n'oge ahụ bụ nke GaASP, na agba ya na-acha uhie uhie.Mgbe ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 30 nke mmepe, LED a ma ama nwere ike ịmịpụta ọbara ọbara, oroma, odo, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba ndị ọzọ.Otú ọ dị, a na-emepụta LEDs na-acha ọcha maka ọkụ naanị mgbe 2000. N'ebe a, a na-ewebata ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ na LEDs ọcha maka ọkụ.

ịzụlite

Isi iyi ọkụ ọkụ izizi nke semiconductor PN junction na-enye ọkụ pụtara na mbido 1960s.Ihe eji eme ihe n'oge ahụ bụ GaAsP, nke na-ebunye ọkụ na-acha uhie uhie (λp=650nm).Mgbe ịnya ụgbọ ala dị ugbu a bụ 20 mA, mmụba na-egbuke egbuke bụ naanị puku ole na ole nke lumens, yana arụmọrụ ọkụ kwekọrọ bụ 0.1 lumen / watt.

N'etiti 1970s, e webatara ihe ndị dị na In na N iji mee ka ọkụ na-emepụta ọkụ ndụ ndụ (λp = 555nm), ìhè edo edo (λp = 590nm) na ọkụ oroma (λp = 610nm), na-arụ ọrụ ọkụ na-abawanye na 1. lumen / watt.

Na mmalite 1980s, isi iyi ọkụ nke GaAlAs pụtara, na-eme ka ọkụ ọkụ na-acha uhie uhie ruru 10 lumens / watt.

Na mmalite 1990s, ihe ọhụrụ abụọ, GaAlInP, nke na-ebunye ọkụ na-acha uhie uhie na odo, na GaInN, nke na-emepụta ìhè ndụ ndụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, bụ nke ọma mepụtara, bụ nke mere ka ọ dịkwuo mma na ọkụ ọkụ nke LED.

N'afọ 2000, nrụpụta ọkụ nke LEDs mere nke mbụ ruru 100 lumens kwa watt na mpaghara uhie na oroma (λp = 615nm), ebe nrụpụta ọkụ nke LEDs mere nke ikpeazụ na mpaghara ndụ ndụ (λp = 530nm) nwere ike iru 50 lumen./watt.